Publications of 2024

A Mediterranean diet improves glycation markers in healthy people and in those with chronic diseases: a systematic review of clinical trials.

Júlia Silva e Oliveira, Jéssica Aparecida da Silva, Brenda Vieira Machado de Freitas, Rita de Cassia Gonçalves Alfenas, Josefina Bressan
Nutrition Reviews, v.2024, p.1-15
Impact factor: 6.0
DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae045

Abstract: Context: Consumption of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health and aging. Objective: This systematic review aimed to critically investigate the effect of the MedDiet on glycation markers in healthy or overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were
searched, using the terms “Mediterranean diet” AND “glycation end products, advanced”. Data Extraction: Three randomized and 3 nonrandomized clinical trials, containing data on 2935 adult and elderly individuals with normal weight or overweight, were included. All extracted data were compiled, compared, and critically analyzed. Data Analysis: The authors of most of the studies demonstrated a reduction in serum concentrations of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), such as eN-carboxymethyllysine and methylglyoxal, and in skin autofluorescence levels after at least 4 weeks of adherence to the MedDiet. The MedDiet also led to positive effects on gene expression of receptors for AGEs, as RAGE and AGER1, and
an enzyme involved in detoxification (glyoxalase I). There is no evidence that short-term adherence affects glycation markers. Conclusions: Glycation markers improved in response to the MedDiet. The possible mechanisms involved may be related to the low AGE and refined sugars content of the diet, as well as its high monounsaturated fatty acid, phenolic compound, and dietary fiber contents.
Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021284006.

A symbiotic meal containing extruded sorghum and probiotic (Bifidobacterium longum) ameliorated intestinal health markers in individuals with chronic kidney disease: a secondary analysis of a subsample from a previous randomized, and controlled clinical trial.

Haira Guedes Lúcio, Rita de Cassia Stampini Oliveira Lopes, Mariana Juste Contin Gomes, Alessandra da Silva, Mariana Grancieri, Ceres Mattos Della Lucia, Valéria Aparecida Vieira Queiroz, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Hercia Stampini Duarte Martino
Nutrients, v.16, p.1852-1867.
Impact factor: 4.8
DOI: 10.3390/nu16121852

Abstract: Background: Chronic kidney disease increases uremic toxins concentrations, which have been associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Sorghum bicolor L. Moench has dietary fiber and bioactive compounds, while Bifidobacterium longum can promote beneficial health effects. Methods: It is a controlled, randomized, and single-blind clinical trial. Thirty-nine subjects were randomly separated into two groups: symbiotic group (SG), which received 100 mL of unfermented probiotic milk with Bifidobacterium longum strain and 40 g of extruded sorghum flakes; and the control group (CG), which received 100 mL of pasteurized milk and 40 g of extruded corn flakes for seven weeks. Results: The uremic toxins decreased, and gastrointestinal symptoms improved intragroup in the SG group. The acetic, propionic, and butyric acid production increased intragroup in the SG group. Regarding α-diversity, the Chao1 index was enhanced in the SG intragroup. The KEGG analysis revealed that symbiotic meal increased the intragroup energy and amino sugar metabolism, in addition to enabling essential amino acid production and metabolism, sucrose degradation, and the biosynthesis of ribonucleotide metabolic pathways. Conclusions: The consumption of symbiotic meal reduced BMI, improved short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) synthesis and gastrointestinal symptoms, increased diversity according to the Chao1 index, and reduced uremic toxins in chronic kidney disease patients.

Adequacy of Fatty Acids Consumption Among Individuals in Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention.

Aline Marcadenti, Rachel H. Vieira Machado, Sônia Lopes Pinto, Josefina Bressan, Bernardete Weber, Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, v.121, p.1-11.
Impact factor: 2.6
DOI: 10.36660/abc.20230487.

Abstract: Background: Adhering to a diet adequate in macronutrients is crucial for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To assess the prevalence of adherence to recommendations for the consumption of dietary fatty acids for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and to estimate whether the presence of certain cardiovascular risk factors would be associated with adherence. Methods: Cross-sectional study using baseline data from 2,358 participants included in the “Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program Trial”. Dietary intake and cardiovascular risk factors were assessed. Adequate intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was considered as ≥10% of total daily energy intake; for monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 20%; and for saturated fatty acids (SFA), <7% according to the Brazilian Society of Cardiology. A significance level of 5% was considered in the statistical analysis. Results: No participant adhered to all recommendations simultaneously, and more than half (1,482 [62.9%]) did not adhere to any recommendation. Adherence exclusively to the SFA recommendation was the most prevalent, fulfilled by 659 (28%) participants, followed by adherence exclusively to the PUFA (178 [7.6%]) and MUFA (5 [0.2%]) recommendations. There was no association between the number of comorbidities and adherence to nutritional recommendations (p = 0.269). Participants from the Brazilian Northeast region showed a higher proportion of adherence to SFA consumption recommendations (38.42%) and lower adherence to PUFA intake (3.52%) (p <0.001) compared to other regions. Conclusions: Among the evaluated sample, there was low adherence to nutritional recommendations for dietary fatty acid consumption.

Anti-inflammatory pathways of kefir in murine model: a systematic review.

Mariana de Fátima Albuquerque Pereira, Fernanda Matias Albuini, Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio
Nutrition Reviews, v. 82, p. 210–227.
Impact factor: 5.9
DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad052

Abstract: Context. Kefir consumption has been associated with immune response modulation, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Objective. The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the role of kefir against inflammation and the main response mechanisms involved in this process in a murine model. Data Sources. The searches were searched in the PubMed, Science Direct, and LILACS databases. Only murine model studies, according to PRISMA guidelines, published in the past 10 years were included. Study Selection. Only articles about original and placebo-controlled experiments in murine models used to investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of kefir were considered. Of the articles found, 349 were excluded according to the following criteria: duplicate articles (n = 99), off-topic title and abstract (n = 157), reviews (n = 47), studies in vitro (n = 29), and studies with humans (n = 17). In total, 23 studies were included in this review. Data Extraction. Two independently working authors assessed the risk of bias and extracted data from the included studies. .Results. Kefir consumption had positive effects on inflammation modulation. The main mechanisms involved were the reduction of pro-inflammatory and molecular markers; reduction in inflammatory infiltrate in tissues, serum biomarkers, risk factors for chronic diseases, and parasitic infection; composition and metabolic activity change of intestinal microbiota and mycobiota; activation of humoral and cellular immunity; and modulation of oxidative stress. Conclusions. Kefir modulates the immune system in different experimental models, among other secondary outcomes, to improve overall health. The beverage reduces inflammation through the alternation between innate, Th1, and Th2 responses, reducing levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines while increasing those of anti-inflammatory ones. In addition, it also mediates immunomodulatory and protective effects through the numerous molecular biomarkers and organic acids produced and secreted by kefir in the intestinal microbiota. The health-promoting effects attributed to kefir may help in the different treatments of inflammatory, chronic, and infectious diseases in the population.

Are ambulatory blood pressure parameters associated more with central adiposity than with total adiposity? Results of the ELSA-Brasil study.

Ângela Maria Natal de Souza, Rosane Harter Griep, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff, Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca, Leidjaira Juvanhol Lopes
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, v. 10 p.1-10.
Impact factor: 3.6
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1286726

Abstract: Background: Worldwide obesity has a high prevalence, as well as carries a high risk of several chronic diseases, including hypertension. Studies of the association between obesity and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) are scarce and most use only body mass index (BMI) as indicator of adiposity. Thus, we aimed to examine for associations between total and central adiposity and ambulatory BP parameters (BP means and variability, nocturnal dipping and morning surge) among participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Methods: This cross-sectional study (2012–2014) used a subsample of participants (n = 812) of ELSA-Brasil who underwent 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring to assess systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP, respectively) over 24-hour periods and sub-periods. Indicators for total adiposity were BMI and body fat (BF) and, for central adiposity, waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHR). Associations were tested using crude and adjusted gamma and logistic regression. Results: Overweight (BMI) and abdominal obesity (WC and WHR) associated positively with mean 24-hour (Coef = 2.71, 3.09 and 4.00, respectively), waking (Coef = 2.87, 3.26 and 4.16, respectively), and sleeping (Coef = 2.30, 2.74 and 3.50, respectively) SBP; mean DBP associated with high WHR in these three periods (Coef = 2.00, 2.10 and 1.68, respectively) and with WC in the waking period (Coef = 1.44). Overweight and abdominal obesity (WC and WHR) were positively associated with SBP variability over 24 h (Coef = 0.53, 0.45 and 0.49, respectively) and in sleep (Coef = 0.80, 0.74 and 0.59, respectively), and with DBP variability in 24 h (Coef = 0.64, 0.73 and 0.58, respectively), wakefulness (Coef = 0.50, 0.52 and 0.52, respectively) and sleep (Coef = 0.53, 0.45 and 0.49); excess BF associated positively with DBP variability over 24 h (Coef = 0.43) and in wakefulness (Coef = 0.38). Lastly, high WHR and excess BF were associated with higher odds of extreme dipping (OR = 1.03 for both), while high WC and WHR associated with higher odds of exacerbated diastolic morning surge (OR = 3.18 and 3.66, respectively). Conclusion: Indicators of adiposity were associated with the BP means and variability, nocturnal dipping and morning surge, with more substantial results for indicators of central adiposity that the others.

Black tea kombucha consumption: effect on cardiometabolic parameters and diet quality of individuals with and without obesity.

Gabriela Macedo Fraiz, Mirian Aparecida Campos Costa, Rodrigo R. Cardoso, James R. Hébert, Longgang Zhao, Viviana Corich, Alessio Giacomini, Fermín I. Milagro, Frederico Augusto Ribeiro Barros, Josefina Bressan
Fermentation, v.10, p. 384-401.
Impact factor: 3.3
DOI: 10.3390/fermentation10080384

Abstract: Background: Kombucha, a fermented tea, has been suggested as an adjuvant in the treatment of obesity. Although animal and in vitro studies indicate its promising benefits, exploring kombucha’s impact on human health is necessary. Methods: This quasi-experimental pre–post-intervention assessed the effect of black tea kombucha consumption on cardiometabolic parameters for 8 weeks, considering the quality of the diet of individuals with and without obesity. Diet quality was assessed through the Dietary Inflammatory Index® and Dietary Total Antioxidant Capacity. Paired t-test/Wilcoxon was applied to compare differences between pre- and post-intervention (α = 0.05). Results: After the intervention, individuals with obesity showed a decrease in insulin, HOMA-IR, and GGT; those without obesity showed an increase in total cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase, but this was only observed in those with a worsened diet quality. Conclusion: kombucha intake demonstrated positive impacts on the metabolic health of individuals with obesity beyond the importance of combining it with healthy eating patterns.

Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) consumption in energy-restricted intervention decreases pro-inflammatory markers and intestinal permeability of women with overweight/obesity: a controlled trial (Brazilian Nuts Study).

Brenda Kelly Souza Silveira, Alessandra da Silva, Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha, Karina Waskow, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino, Josefina Bressan, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
The Journal of Nutrition v.154, p. 2670-2679.
Impact factor: 3.7
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.07.016

Abstract: Background: Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation and increased intestinal permeability (IP). The Brazil nut (BN) (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) appears to be a promising dietary intervention to control inflammation by enhancing antioxidant defenses. Objectives: We aimed to assess the effect of daily BN consumption on inflammatory biomarkers and IP in the context of an energy-restricted intervention. Furthermore, we evaluated the correlation between the changes in these inflammatory markers and the changes in serum selenium and IP. Methods: In this 8-wk nonrandomized controlled trial, 56 women with overweight or obesity were allocated into 2 groups, both following
an energy-restricted diet (
500 kcal/d). The control group (CO) consumed a nut-free diet, while the BN group consumed 8 g BN/d, providing 347.2 μg selenium (Se). Inflammatory cytokines were analyzed in plasma and Se in serum. IP was assessed using the lactulose/mannitol test (LM ratio). Results: Forty-six women completed the intervention. Both groups achieved similar energy restriction (CO Δ¼
253.7 169.4 kcal/d; BN Δ¼
265.8 141.8 kcal/d) and weight loss (CO Δ¼
2.5 0.5 kg; BN Δ¼
3.5 0.5 kg). The BN group showed lower values of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin (IL)1-β, IL-8, percentage lactulose excretion, and LM ratio than the CO group. Additionally, changes in serum Se concentration were predictive of changes in IL-8 concentration (β:
0.054; adjusted R2: 0.100; 95% confidence interval [CI]:
0.100;
0.007; P ¼ 0.025), and changes in IL-8 were predictive of changes in the LM ratio (β: 0.006; adjusted R2: 0.101; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.011; P ¼ 0.024). Conclusions: Regular intake of BNs can be a promising complementary dietary strategy for controlling low-grade inflammation and
improving IP in women with overweight/obesity undergoing energy-restricted treatment. However, the effects of BNs seem to be Se statusdependent

Can caffeine consumption alter cardiovascular parameters and skin temperature in adult men?

Álvaro Luiz Miranda Piermatei, Hamilton Henrique Teixeira Reis, Vinícius Parzanini Brilhante de São José, Felipe Augusto Mattos Dias, Thaís Victória Lopes Fortini, Alessandro Tavares Pinto, Juliana Souza Valente,
Bárbara Pereira da Silva, João Carlos Bouzas Marins
Cuadernos de Educacion y Desarrollo, v.16, p. 01-26
DOI: 10.55905/cuadv16n6-196

Abstract: The thermogenic property of caffeine is a growing area of interest, being one of the most consumed ergogenic resources in the sports field. This study aimed to evaluate the thermogenic impact, heart rate (HR) variation, and blood pressure (BP) from the consumption of different doses of caffeine in adult men at rest. The sample consisted of 24 men divided into heavy (>100mg/day) and light caffeine consumers (<100mg/day). The participants underwent three interventions on three different days: placebo, 3 mg/kg, and 6 mg/kg of caffeine. Skin temperature variation was assessed using infrared thermography (IRT), and HR and BP were measured before andafter caffeine supplementation. Statistical analysis was performed using the Two-Way ANOVA and T-test, with a significance level set at 5%. Neither group showed differences between doses and temperature at different times. The doses of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kgof caffeine resulted in higher systolic BP at the end of the protocol in light consumers. The consumption of 6 mg/kg resulted in higher diastolic BP at the end in light consumers. No HR changes were observed in either group with any dosage. It was concluded that regardless of the dosage provided and the habitual consumption, there was no thermogenic effect measured by IRT, nor was there a change in resting HR. However, habitual light caffeine consumers are more sensitive to the compound, with an increase in systolic BP after acute consumption of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg of caffeine.

Cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) and cashew nut oil reduce cardiovascular risk factor in adults on weight-loss treatment: a randomized controlled three-arm trial (Brazilian Nuts Study).

Talitha Silva Meneguelli, Ana Claudia Pelissari Kravchychyn, Aline Lage Wendling, Ana Paula Dionísio, Josefina Bressan, Hercia Stampini Duarte Martino, Elad Tako, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
Frontiers in Nutrition. V.11, p.1-12,
Impact factor: 5.0
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1407028

Abstract: Introduction: Cashew nut contains bioactive compounds that modulate satiety and food intake, but its effects on body fat during energy restriction remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the effects of cashew nut and cashew nut oil on body fat (primary outcome) as well as adiposity, cardiometabolic and liver function markers (secondary outcomes). Materials and Methods: An eight-week (8-wk) randomized controlled-feeding study involved 68 adults with overweight/obesity (40 women, BMI: 33 ± 4 kg/m 2 ). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the energy-restricted (-500 kcal/d) groups: control (CT, free-nuts), cashew nut (CN, 30 g/d), or cashew nut oil (OL, 30 mL/d). Body weight, body composition, and blood collection were assessed at the baseline and endpoint of the study.

Chemical composition and in vitro iron bioavailability of extruded and open-pan cooked germinated and ungerminated pearl whole millet “Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.”

Jaqueline Maciel Vieira Theodoro, Mariana Grancieri, Livya Alves Oliveira, Ceres Mattos Della Lucia, Izabela Maria Montezano de Carvalho, Felipe Sanchez Bragagnolo, Mauricio Ariel Rostagno, Raymond P. Glahn, Carlos Wanderlei Piler, Barbara Pereira da Silva, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino
Food Chemistry, v.457, p.1-8.
Impact factor: 8.5
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.

Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of extrusion and of open-pan cooking on whole germinated and non-germinated grains of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. R. Br.), on its chemical-nutritional composition and in vitro iron bioavailability. The experimental design consisted of three flours: non-germination open-pan cooked millet flour (NGOPCMF), germination open-pan cooked millet flour (GOPCMF), and extrusion cooked millet flour (ECMF). The ECMF increased the carbohydrates, iron, manganese, diosmin, and cyanidin and decreased the total dietary fiber, resistant starch, lipids, and total vitamin E, in relation to NGOPCMF. The GOPCMF increased the lysine and vitamin C and decreased the phytate, lipids, total phenolic, total vitamin E, and riboflavin concentration, in relation to NGOPCMF. Furthermore, germinated cooked millet flour and extruded millet flour improved iron availability in vitro compared to non-germinated cooked millet flour. GOPCMF and ECMF generally preserved the chemical-nutritional composition of pearl millet and improved in vitro iron bioavailability; therefore, they are nutritionally equivalent and can be used to develop pearl millet-based products.

Chemical composition, processing, and health-promoting potential of unconventional food plants.

Maria Anete Santana Valente, Daniela da Silva Oliveira, Ângela Giovana Batista, Ceres Mattos Della Lucia, Leandro de Morais Cardoso
Frontiers in Nutrition, v. 2024, p.1-2.
Impact factor: 5.0
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1368629

Abstract: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development has among its goals the eradication of poverty, the end of hunger, and malnutrition. Certainly, the achievement of this objective involves diversifying the diet and encouraging the identification and consumption of accessible, nutritious, and bioactive compound-rich alternative food sources. Currently, there is a very limited number of plant species used in human nutrition. There are still many unconventional food plants (UFP) unknown or underutilized by the general population due to their low popularity, lack of use, biodiversity loss, and traditional knowledge decline. Unconventional edible plants include fruits, leaves, roots, seeds, stems, and/or flowers of non-domesticated species that grow spontaneously in nature. Many of these plants have been widely incorporated into human diets as a result of increasing research into new sustainable food sources with high nutritional value, in addition to bioactive compounds. The use of UFP in diet can promote cultural diversification, especially in family farming, as they are part of the dietary tradition of many

Consumption of foods with a higher degree of processing is associated with overweight and abdominal obesity in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Elaine Estevam, Leidjaira Juvanhol Lopes, Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro, Maria Sônia Lopes Duarte, Solange Silveira Pereira, Eliana Carla Gomes de Souza
International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, v. 2024, p.1-10.
Impact factor: 3.9
DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2316731

Abstract: This study evaluated food consumption according to its degree of processing and its relationship with body adiposity in 218 women with breast cancer. Food consumption was categorised according to the NOVA classification. Two groups were formed, the first composed by consumption of in natura, minimally processed foods and culinary ingredients (less processed foods) and the second one of processed and ultra-processed foods (more processed foods). The increase of 5% in the caloric contribution of more processed foods was associated with a 4% increase in the prevalence of overweight (p = 0.028) and 3% in prevalence of abdominal obesity (p = 0.018). This reinforces the importance of evaluating food consumption with a focus on the degree of processing, as it can contribute to the prevention of excess body fat in this group, as this excess is associated with a worse prognosis and survival.

Contribution of Ultra‑Processed Foods to Weight Gain Recurrence 5 Years After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.

Stephany L. Lobão, Adler S. Oliveira, Josefna Bressan, Sônia Lopes Pinto
Obesity Surgery, v.2024, p.1-7.
Impact factor: 2.9
DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07291-5

Abstract: Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate evolution of ultra-processed food intake and recurrent weight gain in patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
Materials and Methods. This study is an observational longitudinal study that evaluated patients who underwent metabolic and bariatric surgery at four time points: before surgery and at 3, 12, and 60 months after surgery. Anthropometric and dietary intake data were collected through two 24-h dietary recalls. All foods consumed were classified according to degree of processing. Recurrent weight gain was considered the difference between current weight and nadir weight. Results. The sample consisted of 58 patients with a mean age of 38.7 ± 8.9 years and 68% female. After 60 months, mean excess weight loss and recurrent weight gain were 73.6 ± 27.2% and 22.5 ± 17.4%. Calorie and macronutrient intake decreased significantly between the pre-surgery period, and 3 and 12 months post-surgery; however, there was no significant difference after 60 months. In relation to food groups or macronutrients, no difference was observed between the pre-surgery period and 60 months post-surgery. The contribution of unprocessed or minimally processed foods to calorie intake gradually decreased after 3 months post-surgery. Conclusion. The profile of dietary intake after 60 months of metabolic and bariatric surgery tends to approach that of the pre-surgery period. The contribution of unprocessed and minimally processed foods to calorie intake decreased after 60 months, while ultra-processed food contribution increased.

Conventional and germinated pearl millet flour (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) improves iron metabolism and antioxidant capacity in Wistar rats.

Jaqueline Maciel Vieira Theodoro, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Renata Celi Lopes Toledo, Mariana Grancieri, Pietra Vidal Cardoso do Prado, Izabela Maria Montezano de Carvalho, Carlos Wanderlei Piler Carvalho, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino
Journal of Cereal Science, v.116, p. 1-10.
Impact factor: 3.8
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2023.103840

Abstract: The study evaluated the effect of the consumption of pearl millet whole grain pre-cooked conventional, germinated and extruded flours on iron metabolism and antioxidant capacity in rats. The animals received iron-free standard diet (SD iron-free) for 28 days and subsequently, were separated into 4 groups: ferrous sulfate (SD + FS), conventional millet flour (SD + CM), germinated millet flour (SD + GM), and extruded millet flour (SD + EM), for 21 days. The SD iron free group presented increased ferroportin, hephaestin and ferritin gene expression and MDA concentration compared to the SD + FS group. The SD + GM group increased DcytB, ferroportin and hephaestin gene expression. The SD + EM group increased the concentration of transferrin compared to the SD + FS group and serum iron, compared to the other groups, while reducing the liver’s total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The SD + CM group increased ferritin expression. All test groups increased the gene expression of DMT1 and hephaestin, as well as serum iron and reduced transferrin, Nrf2 and TNF gene expression, and MDA, NO, SOD and CAT levels in relation to the SD + FS group. In view of this, millet provides promising bioavailability of iron. Besides, germination stands out for improving iron metabolism in relation to extrusion and is similar to conventional millet in antioxidant capacity.

Daily Cashew and Brazil Nut Consumption Modifies Intestinal Health in Overweight Women on Energy-Restricted Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Brazilian Nuts Study).

Brenda Kelly Souza Silveira, Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino, Mariana Grancieri, Mariana Juste Contin Gomes, Hilário Cuquetto Mantovani, Josefina Bressan, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
The Journal of Nutrition, v.154, p. 962-977.
Impact factor: 4.2
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.12.022

Abstract: Background. Increased intestinal permeability and dysbiosis are related to obesity. Nuts can provide nutrients and bioactive compounds that modulate gut microbiota and inflammation, enhancing the beneficial effects of weight loss. Objectives. To evaluate the effect of consuming cashew nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K) on intestinal permeability and microbiota, fecal SCFAs and pH, inflammation, and weight loss in energy restriction condition. Methods. In this 8-week randomized controlled trial, 40 women with overweight or obesity were assigned to energy-restricted groups (−500 kcal/d): control group (free of nuts) or Brazilian nuts group (BN: 30 g of cashew nuts and 15 g of Brazil nuts per day). Permeability was analyzed by the lactulose/mannitol test and the microbiota by sequencing the 16S gene in the V3-V4 regions. Plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-17A) and C-reactive protein were analyzed. Results. In total, 25 women completed the intervention. Both groups lost weight without statistical differences. Lactulose excretion increased only in the control group (P < 0.05). The BN consumption increased fecal propionic acid and potentially beneficial bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, Roseburia, strains NK4A214 and UCG-002 from the Ruminococcaceae family, but also Lachnospiraceae family, Bacteroides, and Lachnoclostridium, when compared to the control group. Changes in intestinal permeability were correlated to a greater reduction in body fat (kg), and IL-8, and increases in Ruminococcus abundance. Conclusion. Our findings demonstrate a positive impact of BN consumption within an energy-restricted context, linked to the augmentation of potentially beneficial bacteria and pathways associated with body fat reduction. Besides, BN consumption mitigated increased intestinal permeability, although its capacity to diminish permeability or enhance weight loss proved limited.

Daily Intake of Household-Produced Milk Kefir on Salmonella Typhimurium Infection in C57BL/6 Mice: Mortality, Microbiota Modulation and Immunological Implications.

Mariana de Fátima Albuquerque Pereira, Larissa Gabriela Morais de Ávila, Bruna Cristina Dos Santos Cruz, Lucas Filipe Almeida, Jordana Macedo Simões, Bruno Campos Silva, Ananda Pereira Aguilar, Leandro Licursi de Oliveira, Reggiani Vilela Gonçalves, Andréa de Oliveira Barros Ribon, Tiago Antônio de Oliveira Mendes, Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio
Journal of Applied Microbiology, v. 24, p. 1-10.
Impact factor: 3.2
DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae249

Abstract: Aims: Salmonellosis, a major global cause of diarrheal diseases, significantly impacts the intestinal microbiome. Probiotic-rich beverages, such as kefir, are increasingly utilized as alternative health-promoting beverages associated with various microbiota benefits. This study investigated the repercussions of daily consumption of household-produced milk kefir on Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection in C57BL-6 mice. Methods and Results: Kefir consumption pre infection reduced the presence of inflammatory cells in the colon and altered the cytokine profile by reducing IL-10 and increasing IFN-γ. Despite reducing intestinal inflammation, kefir intake did not yield a prompt response to an acute infection caused by the aggressive pathogen Salmonella. This contributed to increased mortality in the mice, evidenced by higher fecal Salmonella counts post-infection. Metabarcoding analysis demonstrated that the use of kefir before infection increases butyric acid by the higher abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Prevotellaceae families and genus in feces, coupled with an increase in Muribaculaceae family and Bacteroides genus among infected kefir-treated mice. While kefir hinted at microbiota alterations reducing enterobacteria (Helicobacter), decrease IL-10, and increased IFN-γ, butyric acid on pre-infection, the beverage potentially facilitated the systemic translocation of pathogens, intensifying the infection’s severity by altering the immune response. Conclusions: The use of kefir in the dosage of 10% w/v (109 CFU), for acute infections with Salmonella Typhimurium, may not be enough to combat the infection and worsen the prognosis, leaving the intestine less inflamed, favoring the replication and translocation of the pathogen. These findings underscore the importance of prudently evaluating the widespread use of probiotics and probiotic-rich beverages, especially during acute infections, given their potential association with adverse effects during these diseases.

Dietary advanced glycation end products, body composition, and anthropometric measures: a cross-sectional analysis in women with excess body weight.

Nélia pinheiro Mendes, Flávia Galvão Cândido, Flávia Xavier Valente, Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio, Leidjaira Juvanhol Lopes, Rita de Cassia Gonçalves Alfenas
NMCD. Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases,v. 34, p. 1-10.
Impact factor: 3.9
DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.03.011

Abstract: Background. Evidence suggests that changes in advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) may influence body weight. Previous studies have focused on cooking methods as the primary way how to reduce the dietary AGEs but little is known about the effects of a change in diet composition. Objective. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a low‐fat plant‐based diet on dietary AGEs and test the association with body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity. Methods. Participants who were overweight (n = 244) were randomly assigned to an intervention (low‐fat plant‐based) (n = 122) or control group (n = 122) for 16 weeks. Before and after the intervention period, body composition was measured by dual X‐ray absorptiometry. Insulin sensitivity was assessed with the predicted insulin sensitivity index (PREDIM). Three‐day diet records were analyzed using the Nutrition Data System for Research software and dietary AGEs were estimated, using a database. Repeated measure ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results. Dietary AGEs decreased in the intervention group by 8768 ku/day on average (95% −9611 to −7925; p < 0.001), compared with the control group (−1608; 95% CI −2709 to −506; p = 0.005; treatment effect −7161 ku/day [95% CI −8540 to −5781]; Gxt, p < 0.001). Body weight decreased by 6.4 kg in the intervention group, compared with 0.5 kg in the control group (treatment effect −5.9 kg [95% CI −6.8 to −5.0]; Gxt, p < 0.001), largely due to a reduction in fat mass, notably visceral fat. PREDIM increased in the intervention group (treatment effect +0.9 [95% CI + 0.5 to +1.2]; p < 0.001). Changes in dietary AGEs correlated with changes in body weight (r = +0.41; p < 0.001), fat mass (r = +0.38; p < 0.001), visceral fat (r = +0.23; p < 0.001), and PREDIM (r = −0.28; p < 0.001), and remained significant even after adjustment for changes in energy intake (r = +0.35; p < 0.001 for body weight; r = +0.34; p < 0.001 for fat mass; r = +0.15; p = 0.03 for visceral fat; and r = −0.24; p < 0.001 for PREDIM). Conclusions. Dietary AGEs decreased on a low‐fat plant‐based diet, and this decrease was associated with changes in body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity, independent of energy intake. These findings demonstrate positive effects of qualitative dietary changes on dietary AGEs and cardiometabolic outcomes.

Effect of combined physical exercise on inflammatory markers and the relationship with body composition in young women.

Lucimar Aguiar da Silva, Deyliane Aparecida de Almeida Pereira, Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro, Catarina Maria Nogueira de Oliveira Sediyama, Silvia Eloiza Priore
Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, v.39, p.73-78.
Impact factor: 1.4
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.02.046

Abstract: Objectives. To evaluate the effect of eight weeks of combined physical exercise of moderate intensity on inflammatory markers, as well as its relationship with body composition in young women recently admitted to a Public Institution of Higher Education. Methods. Longitudinal, intervention study, in which 59 female participants aged 18–25 years were evaluated before and after a combined physical exercise program for eight weeks. Blood samples were collected before and after the intervention for analysis of C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokines. Weight and height were measured to calculate body mass index and body composition was evaluated by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry before and after the intervention. Statistical analyzes performed were t-test, Willcoxon test and Spearman’s correlation. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee and the Free and Informed Consent Form was signed by all participants. Results. After the intervention, there was a reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF and IL-12), while the anti-inflammatory (IL-10) and CRP did not change; reduction in the total body gynoid fat mass and in the percentage of body fat; increased trunk and total muscle mass. Body composition was negatively correlated with the pro-inflammatory interleukins IL-1β and IL-6 and positively correlated with CRP. Conclusions. Combined physical exercise for eight weeks acted to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, fat mass and increase in muscle mass. Inflammatory markers correlated with body fat before the intervention, suggesting the participation of visceral adipose tissue in the release of these markers in female university students.

Effect of Nuts Combined with Energy Restriction on the Obesity Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Darlene Larissa de Souza Vilela, Alessandra da Silva, Ana Claudia Pelissari Kravchychyn, Josefina Bressan, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
Foods, v.13, p. 3008 -3036.
Impact factor: 4.7
DOI: 10.3390/foods13183008

Abstract: Obesity is a multifactorial disease that is difficult to control worldwide. Although nuts are recognized health foods, the application of food in obesity management is unclear. We systematically reviewed the literature and performed a meta-analysis to evaluate if nut consumption favors people on energy restriction (ER) dietary interventions. Four databases were used to search for eligible articles in May 2024. This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guide, and the bias risk of papers was evaluated. For the meta-analysis, we extracted the endpoint values of the group’s variables and estimated the effect sizes by the random-effects model. Sixteen and ten articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. Almonds were evaluated in the majority of studies (n = 6). The consumption of nuts (28 to 84 g/d, 4 to 72 months) included in ER (–250 to 1000 kcal/d) did not differently affect anthropometry (weight loss, BMI, waist and hip circumferences), body composition (fat mass, fat-free mass, or lean mass), markers of glucose (glycemia and insulinemia), lipid metabolism (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, LDL-c/HDL-c, or triglycerides), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In most analyses, stratifying studies by type of nut or intervention time did not present different results in the meta-analysis. As there are few studies, in addition to great methodological variability, more high-quality trials are needed to confirm these results. The PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023444878.

Effects of a Sorghum Beverage with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei on Body Composition, Lipid Profiles, and Intestinal Health in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Randomized Single-Blind Pilot Study.

Lucimar Aguiar da Silva, Vinícius Parzanini Brilhante de São José, Larissa Arruda Rodrigues, Pietra Vidal Cardoso do Prado, Renata Celi Lopes Toledo, Frederico Augusto Ribeiro de Barros, Andressa Moreira de Souza, Rosemar Antoniassi, Carlos Wanderlei Piler de Carvalho, Valéria Aparecida Vieira Queiroz, Karina Maria Olbrich dos Santos, Joseph Francis Pierre, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino
Foods, v. 13, p. 1-17
Impact factor: 4.7
DOI: 10.3390/foods13193128

Abstract: (1) Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an extruded whole-grain sorghum beverage containing L. paracasei on body composition, lipid profiles, and intestinal health in overweight and obese adults. (2) Methods: A chronic, single-blind randomized controlled pilot study was conducted with 30 volunteers allocated to three groups (n = 10/group): extruded sorghum beverage (ESB), extruded sorghum beverage with L. paracasei (ESPB), and control beverage (CB) (waxy maize starch). The chemical composition of the beverages was analyzed. Volunteers consumed the beverages for ten weeks at breakfast, along with individual dietary prescriptions. Body composition, biochemical markers, gastrointestinal symptoms, stool consistency, intestinal permeability, short-chain fatty acids, fecal pH, and stool L. paracasei DNA concentration were analyzed at the beginning and end of the intervention period. (3) Results: The ESB showed better composition than the CB, particularly in terms of resistant starch content, total phenolic compounds, condensed tannins, and antioxidant capacity. Both the ESB and the ESPB had an effect on body composition (estimated total visceral fat and waist volume), biochemical markers (Castelli index I), and intestinal health (Bristol scale, diarrhea score, valeric acid, and L. paracasei DNA concentration). No changes were observed in the CB group after the intervention. (4) Conclusions: Whole-grain sorghum beverages demonstrated good nutritional value, and consumption of these beverages, with or without L. paracasei, provided health benefits, including improvements in body composition, Castelli index I scores, and intestinal health, in overweight and obese adults.

Effects of Cashew Nuts (Anacardium occidentale L.) and Cashew Nut Oil on Intestinal Permeability and Inflammatory Markers During an Energy-Restricted 8-Week Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial (Brazilian Nuts Study).

Talitha Silva Meneguelli, Aline Lage Wendling, Ana Claudia Pelissari Kravchychyn, Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha, Ana Paula Dionísio, Josefina Bressan, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino, Elad Tako, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
Foods, v. 13, p.2917.
Imact factor: 4.7
DOI: 10.3390/foods13182917

Abstract: Cashew nuts can contribute to improving intestinal permeability and inflammation as they contain essential nutrients and bioactive compounds, but no clinical trials have evaluated these potential effects. This randomized trial aimed to assess the effects of cashew nuts and their oil on intestinal permeability and inflammatory markers. Sixty-four adults with overweight or obesity were allocated into three groups receiving energy restriction (−500 kcal/day): control (CT, free nuts), cashew nuts (CN, 30 g/day), or cashew nut oil (OL, 30 mL/day). Urine lactulose and mannitol, plasma zonulin and the lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), plasma interleukins (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-12p70), and C-reactive proteins were analyzed. Energy restriction reduced body fat and other indicators of adiposity without differences between the groups. Only the control group increased LBPs after an 8-week intervention. There were no statistically significant differences found between the groups in terms of intestinal permeability and inflammatory markers. In conclusion, incorporating cashew nuts or cashew nut oil into an energy-restricted 8-week dietary intervention did not change intestinal permeability and inflammatory markers. As studies evaluating cashew nuts on these markers remain scarce, further research is needed, perhaps with a longer study period and a higher concentration of cashew nuts and oil.

Euterpe Oleracea Martius (Açaí) Extract and Resistance Exercise Modulate Cardiac Parameters of Hypertensive Rats.

Pilar Barbosa de Meireles, Denise Coutinho de Miranda, Anselmo Gomes de Moura, Willian Cruz Ribeiro, Ângela Quinelato Oliveira, Luciano Bernardes Leite, Pedro Forte, Lúcia Ribeiro, Samuel G. Encarnação, Luiz Otávio Guimarães-Ervilha, Mariana Machado-Neves, Mariana Moura e Dias, Iasmim Xisto Campos, Emily Correna Carlo Reis, Maria do Carmo Gouveia Peluzio, Antônio José Natali, Victor Neiva Lavorato
Life, v. 14, p. 1101 – 1111.
Impact factor: 3.2
DOI: 10.3390/life14091101

Abstract: Background: The study evaluated the effects of resistance exercise training and açaí supplementation on cardiac parameters in hypertensive animals. Methods: For this study, rats from the Wistar and SHR lines (spontaneously hypertensive rats) were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups: Wistar Control (C); Control Hypertensive (H); Trained Hypertensive (HT); Hypertensive and Supplemented with Açaí (HA); and Hypertensive Trained and Supplemented with Açaí (HAT). Resistance exercise training was carried out through climbing. The supplemented groups received 3 g of açaí/kg of body mass. The animals’ systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass, and physical test were measured at the beginning and end of the intervention. At the end, an echocardiographic analysis was performed. Histological analysis and oxidative stress of the LV were performed. Results: It was found that hypertensive animals showed an increase in SBP, and the treatments reduced this parameter. The trained groups achieved higher values of maximum carrying load. Hypertension increased the dimension of the left ventricular free wall in diastole and reduced ejection and shortening fractions. The trained groups showed improvement in ejection and shortening fractions. The H group increased the proportion of extracellular matrix and reduced the proportion of cells, with the HAT group attenuating this change. Cell diameter was greater in group H, and all treatments reduced this parameter. Hypertension increased the concentration of malondialdehyde and decreased catalase activity in LV. The treatments managed to mitigate this damage. Conclusions: It is concluded that the treatments managed to generate positive cardiovascular adaptations, and their combination enhanced these effects.

Factors associated with the Body Mass Index of individuals with Hypertension followed by Primary Health Care

Emily de Souza Ferreira, Emanuele Louise Gomes de Magalhães Jorge, Alexsandra de Ávila Durães Jannotti Fontes, Ana Luiza Paes Mingotea, Gabriel da Costa Souza Barrosa, Adriana de Cassia Sabino Silva,
Glauce Dias da Costa, Rosangela Minardi Mitre Cotta
Revista Interfaces: Saúde, Humanas e Tecnologia, v.12, p. 4363-4372.
DOI: 10.16891/2317-434X.

Abstract: To analyze the association between anthropometric and sociodemographic indices with the Body Mass Index (BMI) of adults and elderly people with Arterial Hypertension (AH) followed by Primary Health Care (PHC). Cross-sectional study carried out with 195 people with AH. Sociodemographic data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The indices collected were: weight, height, BMI, Waist Circumference (WC) and Calf Circumference (CP), blood pressure levels and lipid profile. Data were analyzed according to BMI categorization (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity). The average age for each category was 79±9.0 years, 66±12.0, 66±10.0 and 49±8.0 years, respectively. The variables positively associated with BMI were: age, diagnosis of dyslipidemia and WC. In the context of PHC, appropriate recommendations are essential to improve quality of life and delay the onset of complications of the disease.

Fatty acid intake and prevalence of depression among Brazilian graduates and postgraduates (CUME Study).

Thaís da Silva Sabião, Fátima Costa de Oliveira, Josefina Bressan, Adriano Marçal Pimenta, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff, Fernando Luiz Pereira de Oliveira, Raquel de Deus Mendonça, Júlia Cristina Cardoso Carraro
Journal of Affective Disorders, v. 346, p. 182-191.
Impact factor: 6.6
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.012

Abstract: Background. Dietary fatty acids are related to the development of several inflammatory-related diseases, which may include depression. So, the association between fatty acids, culinary oils and fat intake and depression in highly educated Brazilians was evaluated. Methods. Multicenter cross-sectional study using baseline data from the Cohort of Universities of Minas Gerais. The diagnosis of depression was self-reported, and the daily intake of fatty acids was assessed using a 144-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Results. A total of 7157 participants (68.83 % women) with a median age of 33 years were included. The prevalence of depression was 12.60 % (N = 902). In the adjusted analyses, it was observed that individuals with the highest intake of omega-6 fatty acids (n-6) (OR: 1.36, 95 % CI 1.11–1.67) had a higher prevalence of depression. This increased n-6 intake was identified as a risk factor for depression only among male participants, while among overweight participants, higher n-6 intake was also positively associated with depression. Conversely, a higher ratio of polyunsaturated to monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids (PM/S) was also found to be positively associated with depression, but this association was observed only among non-overweight participants. No associations were found between the consumption of culinary oils or fats and depression. Limitations. Cross-sectional design limits the assessment of causality. The use of the FFQ can make estimates more difficult. Conclusion. Higher consumption of n-6, and higher PM/S ratios were associated with depression, and individual factors can interfere. The mental health care policies should include specific nutritional strategies.

Green banana biomass anti-obesogenic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antidiabetic, and intestinal function potential effects: a systematic review.

Natália da Silva Bomfim, Renata de Souza Ferreira, Julia Silva e Oliveira, Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas
Nutrition Reviews, v.2024, p.1-14.
Impact factor: 6.1
DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae040

Abstract: Context. Apparently, the consumption of resistant-starch food sources, such as green banana biomass, stimulates the proliferation of short-chain fatty acid intestinal bacteria producers, which can contribute to intestinal health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. However, the available scientific evidence is scarce and no study has systematically evaluated such evidence. Objective. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential effects of green banana biomass on anthropometry, body composition, and biochemical and intestinal variables in humans and animals. Data Sources. The Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched in January 2024 for eligible articles. Studies that tested the effects of cooked peeled or unpeeled green banana on anthropometric, biochemical, and/or intestinal variables were included. Data Extraction. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The classification and assessment of the quality of studies were based on the relevant criteria related to the design of these studies and the quality criteria checklist of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics manual. Twelve studies published between 2001 and 2021 were included in the review. Data Analysis. The results of human studies indicate that the ingestion of green banana biomass controlled intestinal dysfunction (50–300 g/day for 5–14 days or 30 g/day for 8 wk) in children, and showed potential anti-obesogenic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and antidiabetic (40 g/day for 24 wk) effects in adults. In rats, biomass consumption led to potential anti-obesogenic (25 g/day for 8 wk), anti-hyperlipidemic, and antidiabetic (∼8–30 g/day for 12 wk) effects. Conclusion. Consumption of green banana biomass seems to exert beneficial effects on intestinal function and potential effects on obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. These effects may be related to increased fecal short-chain fatty acid concentrations as a result of type 3 resistant starch present in biomass.

Green tea kombucha impacts inflammation and salivary microbiota in individuals with excess body weight: a randomized controlled trial.

Gabriela Macedo Fraiz, Dandara Baia, Udielle Vermelho Lacerda, Rodrigo Rezende Cardoso, Viviana Corich, Alessio Giacomini, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino, Sergio Esteban Echeverría, Frederico Augusto Ribeiro de Barros, Fermín I. Milagro, Josefina Bressan
Nutrients 2024, v.16, p.3186.
Impact factor: 4.8
DOI: doi.org/10.3390/nu16183186

Abstract: Background: Green tea kombucha (GTK) is a fermented beverage with promising health benefits, but few studies proved its impact on human health. Thus, we aimed to investigate the impact of GTK on weight loss, inflammation, and salivary microbiota in individuals with excess body weight. Methods: This is a randomized controlled clinical trial that lasted 10 weeks with two groups of individuals with excess body weight: control (CG; n = 29; caloric restriction) and kombucha (KG; n = 30; caloric restriction + 200 mL GTK). Body composition, anthropometry, saliva, and blood collection were performed in the beginning and end of the intervention. Plasma interleukins were determined by flow cytometry. Salivary microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Both groups decreased weight, BMI, and body fat (p < 0.001) after the intervention, but there were no differences between groups. The KG reduced lipid accumulation product (LAP) (p = 0.029). Both groups decreased IL-1β and IL-8, but IL-6 increased in the CG (p = 0.023) compared to the kombucha group. Alpha and beta diversity of salivary microbiota increased in the KG. Moreover, the KG presented lower Bacillota/Bacteroidota ratio (p = 0.028), and BMI was positively associated with the Bacillota phylum. Conclusions: GTK did not enhance weight loss, but it decreased the LAP. GTK helped in the inflammatory profile and induced positive changes in oral microbiota composition.

Higher consumption of ultra-processed foods and a pro-inflammatory diet are associated with the normal-weight obesity phenotype in Brazilian children.

Bruna Clemente Cota, Mariana de Santis Filgueiras, Patrícia Feliciano Pereira, Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol, Juliana Farias de Novaes
Nutrition, v.117, p. 1-7.
Impact factor: 4.4
DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112234

Abstract: Objectives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and the Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII) with the normal-weight obesity (NWO) phenotype in school-aged children. Methods. This cross-sectional study was carried out with a representative sample of 364 children ages 8 to 9 y in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The NWO phenotype was defined as normal weight according to body mass index and high body fat, assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Three 24-h dietary recalls were performed to evaluate NOVA classification groups and to calculate the C-DII score. Results. Among normal-weight children (NWO and “no NWO”), higher consumption of UPF (second tercile [T2]: prevalence ratio [PR], 1.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–3.4; T3: PR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.01–3.1) and a diet consisting of high proinflammatory foods (T2: PR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.04,2.8) were associated with a higher prevalence of NWO, in relation to the first tercile. Similarly, among children with excess body fat independent of body mass index (NWO and excess of weight), higher consumption of UPF was associated with a higher prevalence of NWO (T2: PR, 2; 95% CI, 1.2–3.3) in relation to T1. Conclusion. Higher UPF consumption and a diet consisting of high proinflammatory foods were associated with the NWO phenotype in children.

Impact of processing on polyphenols content in food: A nutritional and statistical analysis of Brazilian menus.

Valéria Silva de Lana, Thais Barcelos de Castro, Livya Alves Oliveira, Stephanie Michelin Santana Pereira, Kelly Aparecida Dias, Rafaela Neto dos Santos, Ceres Mattos Della Lucia, Fernando Frei, Izabela Maria Montezano de Carvalho
Food Research International, v. 196, p. 1-9.
Impact factor: 7.0
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115115

Abstract: Fresh and minimally processed foods are recognized as important natural sources of phenolic compounds, while industrial processing tends to reduce their concentrations. This in silico study investigated the effect of food processing on the presence of phenolic compounds in Brazilian menus, using linear regression models. The research examined menus from 319 schools in 75 counties in the state of Sergipe, Brazil, analyzing the caloric content, nutrients and polyphenols. These variables were grouped based on similarity and subjected to cluster analysis using Euclidean distance and Ward’s method. The foods were classified by the degree of processing, based on NOVA classification, with modifications. The polyphenol content in menus was estimated using the Phenol Explorer database. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct groupings and the results indicated that cluster 2 offered the highest macro and micronutrient values. Linear regression highlighted that the presence of regional foods and culinary ingredients significantly influenced the concentration of flavonoids and phenolic acid in the school menus analyzed. Fresh and minimally processed foods were positively associated with flavonoids without hydrolysis and phenolic acid with hydrolysis. Ultra-processed foods, on the other hand, showed negative associations with flavonoids with hydrolysis. These results provide important insights into the formulation of school menus, with implications for nutrition and public health.

Increased calcium intake from skimmed milk in energy-restricted diets reduces glycation markers in adults with type 2 diabetes and overweight: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Julia Silva e Oliveira, Júnia Maria Geraldo Gomes, Jorge de Assis Costa, Leandro Licursi de Oliveira, Rita de Cássia Gonçalves Alfenas
Nutrition Research, v.127, p. 40-52.
Impact factor: 3.4
DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.04.008

Abstract: The effect of calcium (Ca) on glycation markers is unknown. We hypothesized that increased Ca intake from skimmed milk associated with an energy-restricted diet intake will reduce glycation markers. This reduction will be associated with a greater improvement in markers of metabolic control in adults with type 2 diabetes, overweight, and low habitual Ca intake (<600 mg/d). In this secondary data analysis based on a crossover clinical trial, 14 adults were allocated into 2 groups: high calcium (shake containing 700 mg Ca/day) or low calcium (shake with 6.4 mg Ca/day), for 12 consecutive weeks per session. Energy-restricted diets were also prescribed (−500 kcal/d, 800 mg of dietary Ca/d) to all participants. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE), glycemic control, and lipid profile were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. High-calcium serum AGE concentrations and AGE/sRAGE ratio were lower at the end of the study. ΔAGE and ΔAGE/sRAGE ratio were both positively associated with Δtriglycerides, Δtotal cholesterol, Δtriglyceride-glucose index and variations, and Δvisceral adiposity index. ΔAGE/sRAGE was positively associated with Δfructosamine and Δhigh-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and negatively associated with male sex. Consumption of approximately 1200 mg/day of calcium (3 servings of skim milk) reduced serum AGEs concentrations and the AGE/sRAGE ratio in individuals with diabetes. In general, positive changes in glycation markers are associated with lipid profile, insulin resistance, and adiposity markers worsening. ΔAGEs/ΔsRAGE ratio seems to be a better marker of metabolic status than ΔAGEs and ΔsRAGE alone. Registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02377076).

Iodine Intake and its Interindividual Variability in Brazilian Pregnant Women: EMDI Brazil Study.

Débora Letícia Frizzi Silva, Sandra Patricia Crispim, Gabriele Beraldi Silva, Francilene Maria Azevedo, Juliana Farias de Novaes, Carolina Abreu de Carvalho, Danielle Góes da Silva, Edimar Aparecida Filomeno Fontes, Mariana de Souza Macedo, Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini
Biological Trace Element Research, v.202, p.3025-3036.
Impact factor: 3.4
DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03909-4

Abstract: Data on pregnant women’s iodine intake are limited in Brazil. The aim of the study was to evaluate the contribution of foods, food groups, and food subgroups to the Brazilian pregnant women’s iodine intake, and identify which food items explain the interindividual variability of their intake. A cross-sectional study with food consumption data of 2247 pregnant women from 24-h recalls was developed. Food items were classified according to the FAO/WHO GIFT classification, and their contribution to iodine intake and interindividual variability was assessed by the proportion of means method and linear regression, respectively. The mean usual iodine intake was 163.1 mcg (95% CI: 162.9–163.2). The food groups “spices and condiments,” “cereals and their products,” and “milk and milk products”; and the food subgroups “herbs and spices,” “wheat and wheat-based products,” “milk: fresh and processed,” “dough-based sweets,” and “eggs: fresh and processed” contributed to at least 80% of the iodine intake. Of these, only the food subgroups “milk,” “dough-based sweets,” and “eggs” did not explain the higher proportion (> 80%) of the interindividual variability. The contribution of “salt,” “white French bread,” “fluid whole milk,” and “rice” to the iodine intake and its interindividual variability is highlighted. This study confirms the importance of “salt” as a dietary source of iodine and that few food groups and subgroups explained the difference in the iodine intake among pregnant women. Despite that, Brazilian staple foods, such as “rice,” “beans,” “eggs,” “milk,” and “bread” were identified as important for iodine intake and could be included in nutritional guidelines targeted to Brazilian pregnant women.

Low protein intake is associated with mortality in Brazilian older adults

Ângela Maria Natal de Souza, Dalila Pinto de Souza Fernandes, Isah Rabiu, Jérsica Martins Bittencourt, Juliana Farias de Novaes, Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro
Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, v.27, p. 1-10,
DOI: 10.1590/1981-22562024027.230206

Abstract: Objective: To estimate the association between low protein intake and mortality in older adults. Methods: Prospective study carried out with 621 older adults in a medium-sized city (Viçosa, Minas Gerais) in Brazil. Protein intake was assessed at baseline (2009) by the usual intake recall and the protein intake classification was used as proposed by the Brazilian Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Mortality data were collected in the follow-up period (2009 to 2018) from the Mortality Information System. Cox regression models were applied to estimate the independent association between total protein intake and mortality, and Hazard Ratio estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: Among the 621 participants in the study, 52.7% were female, and the prevalence of low protein intake was 60.9%. Over the 9 years of followup, there were 154 deaths (23,3%). In the adjust models, older adults with low protein intake showed increased risk of death [HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.05 – 2.82]. Conclusion: Low protein intake may increase the risk of death in the older adults.

Lymphocyte to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio is Positively Associated with Pre-diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Non-traditional Cardiometabolic Risk Markers: A Cross-sectional Study at Secondary Health Care.

Flávia Galvão Cândido, Alessandra da Silva, Gilmara Alves Zanirate, Nathallia Maria Cotta e Oliveira, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
Inflammation,v. 2024. P.1-13.
Impact factor: 4.5
DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02063-w

Abstract: High scores of lymphocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (lymphocyte-to-HDL-c) may be a new indicator of inflammation and metabolic syndrome. Here, we investigated the associations of the lymphocyte-to-HDL-c with traditional and non-traditional cardiometabolic risk markers in subjects at high cardiovascular risk. This study is a cross-sectional analysis with subjects assisted in a Secondary Health Care (n = 581, age = 63.06 ± 13.86 years; 52.3% women). Lymphocyte-to-HDL-c ratio were assessed by routine laboratory tests. Anthropometric and/or biochemical variables were used to calculate traditional (body mass index – BMI, and waist-to-height ratio – WHtR) and non-traditional (lipid accumulation product index—LAP, visceral adiposity index—VAI, deep-abdominal-adipose-tissue index—DAAT, atherogenic index of plasma—AIP, and waist-hypertriglyceridemic phenotype—HTGW) cardiometabolic risk markers. Furthermore, anthropometric measurement waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, metabolic syndrome (MS), and biochemical markers (lipid and glycemic profile) were considered traditional markers of cardiometabolic risk. Pearson’s chi-square test, Poisson regression with robust variance, or multinomial logistic regression were performed (α = 0.05). Individuals with a high lymphocyte-HDL-c ratio (> 0.84, 3rd tertile) were associated with the HTGW phenotype, high VAI, high LAP, hypertriglyceridemia, high AIP, high very low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-c), pre-diabetes, and 3 and 4 MS components compared with individuals in the first tertile, independent of confounders. Our findings supported the lymphocyte-to-HDL-c ratio as a potential biomarker during the screening of subjects at high cardiovascular risk.

Macauba ( Acrocomia aculeata ) pulp oil has the potential to enhance the intestinal barrier morphology, goblet cell proliferation and gut microbiota composition in mice fed a high-fat diet.

Cíntia Tomaz Sant’ Ana, Thaísa Agrizzi Verediano, Mariana Grancieri, Renata Celi Lopes Toledo, Neuza Maria Brunoro Costa, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino, Frederico Augusto Ribeiro de Barros
British Journal of Nutrition, v.131, p.987-996.
Impact factor: DOI: 10.1017/S0007114523002623

Abstract: Macauba (Acrocomia aculeata) is a palm tree native from Brazil, whose pulp is rich in oil that has a high content of oleic acid and carotenoids. Macauba pulp oil can bring health benefits due to its bioactive compounds; however, its effects on gut health are unknown. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of macauba pulp oil on the intestinal health in mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. Male C57BL1/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups (10 animals/group): control diet, HF diet and HF diet with 4 % of macauba pulp oil (HFM). Concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), faecal pH and histomorphometric analysis of the colon were performed. Content of colon samples was used on microbiome analysis using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Animals from the HFM group had higher butyric acid content and goblet cells number, greater circular and longitudinal muscle layer and higher α-diversity compared with the HF group. Moreover, consumption of MPO reduced Desulfobacterota phylum, Ruminococcaceae, Oscillospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae family, Faecalibacterium, Prevotella, Ruminococcus and Enterorhabdus genus. Therefore, macauba pulp oil was able to modulate the gut microbiota and enhance intestinal barrier morphology, showing preventive effects on gut dysbiosis in mice fed a HF diet.

Mapping and projections of obesity in the Brazilian adult population assisted in Primary Health Care: impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Luiza Cruciol e Souza, Daniela Mayumi Usuda Prado Rocha, Guilherme Henrique da Silva Costa, Luiza carla Vidigal Castro, Helen Hermana Miranda Hermsdorff
Health Sciences Journal, v.14, p. 1-11.
Impact factor 0.4
DOI: doi.org/10.21876/hsjhci.v14.2024.e1499

Abstract: Objective: To map the temporal evolution of overweight and obesity in Brazilian adults and estimate the prevalence of obesity for 2025 and 2030, evaluating the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Data were collected on the nutritional status of adults from 2008 to 2021 from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN), from which we calculated the prevalence and average annual rates of the variation of overweight and obesity. The projection of obesity, using linear regression, was analyzed in three scenarios: PP: with data from the pre-pandemic period (2008- 2019); outlier: with adjustment of the data trend (2008-2021), including the pandemic period, considering a return of cenario PP for projections from 2022; P: adjustment of pandemic data (2019-2021) to estimate the projection.  Result: In the period 2008– 2021, we observed an average annual rate of overweight increase of 0.48 %/year. The prevalence of obesity more than doubled during this period, from 14.5% in 2008 to 32.9% in 2021 (i.e., an increase of 1.42). In the outlier scenario, the prevalence projections for obesity are 38.8% and 45.5% for 2015 and 2030, respectively. In the PP scenario (without the pandemic), the expected prevalence for the same period would be approximately 36.8% and 43.4%, respectively. Conclusion: Obesity and overweight follow an increasing trend. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the increase in the prevalence of obesity in Brazil and impacted its projections for the coming years.

Maternal food insecurity increases the risk of low birth weight babies: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Ariane Ribeiro de Freitas Rocha, Núbia de Souza de Morais, Francilene Maria Azevedo, Dayane de Castro Morais, Silvia Eloiza Priore
Acta Pediatrica, v. 113, p. 2180-2188.
Impact factor: 0.1
DOI: 10.1111/apa.17327

Abstract: Aim: To ascertain whether maternal food insecurity was associated with low birthweight of their babies.Methods: Systematic review conducted following the items of the Preferred ReportingItems for Systematic Reviews—PRISMA, and recorded in PROSPERO. The descriptorsfood security, low birth weight and infant low birth weight were combined in the elec-tronic databases: Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Latin American and CaribbeanHealth Sciences Literature and Google Scholar, independently by two researchers,between October 2022 and September 2023. The meta-analysis of the association between food insecurity and low birth weight was conducted. The included studiesunderwent quality and risk of bias assessment.Results: The initial search resulted in 631 records, 12 of which met the inclusion crite-ria and were selected for this study. Mothers experiencing food insecurity presented3.09 more risk of having low birth weight babies when compared to those in foodsecurity situations.Conclusion: Evaluating and monitoring the food and nutritional situation of pregnantwomen is necessary, with emphasis on the importance of prenatal care, to direct pub-lic policies that ensure food security and strengthen adequate nutritional conditionsfor pregnant women and their babies

Mobile solution and chronic diseases: development and implementation of a mobile application and digital platform for collecting, analyzing data, monitoring and managing health care.

Emily de Souza Ferreira, Ary Henrique Morais de Oliveira, Mateus Araújo Dias, Glauce Dias da Costa, José Pedro Toledo Januário, Glenda Michele Botelho, Rosângela Minardi Mitre Cotta
BMC Health Services Research, v.24, p.1009-1025.
Impact factor: 2.7
DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11505-y

Abstract: Background Technological advances based on mobile health (mHealth), the field of digital health (eHealth) aimed at managing health services and care and their concomitant transformations, have become increasingly important in the 21st century. In this context, care for individuals diagnosed with Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (CNCDs) deserves to be highlighted. The aim of this study is to present the creation, development and implementation of the Telehealth Center of the Federal University of Viçosa (NUTELES – UFV), for the monitoring and management of health care for individuals with Arterial Hypertension (AH) and/or Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Methods This study, carried out in 2022 and 2023, involved 374 patients diagnosed with AH and/or DM in the health micro-region of Viçosa/MG, Brazil, comprising nine municipalities. The research aims to describe the creation, development and implementation of a software (NutelesApp) for the collection, storage, management and analysis of epidemiological research in public health, focusing specifically, on the monitoring and management of health care for individuals with AH and/or DM monitored by Primary Health Care (PHC). The parameters collected and analyzed were obtained through a questionnaire applied to patients, consisting of 70 questions, subdivided into 12 classes of questions. The epidemiological survey data was collected using mobile devices and analyzed using computer techniques based on statistical analysis. Once the field teams had completed their work, the files were transferred to servers for general analysis processing, using estimates of means, prevalence and respective standard errors, calculated using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) program, which takes into account the planning variables and includes the basic weights resulting from the sampling process. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee and registered, prior to recruitment, by the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC), ID: RBR-45hqzmf (Last approval date: 11/30/2022).

Nutritional content, amino acid profile, and protein properties of edible insects (Tenebrio molitor and Gryllus assimilis) powders at different stages of development.

Lívya Alves Oliveira, Stephanie Michelin Santana Pereira, Kelly Aparecida Dias, Stefany da Silva Paes, Mariana Grancieri, Luis Gonzalo Salinas Jimenez, Carlos Wanderlei Piler de Carvalho, Eugenio Eduardo de Oliveira, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino, Ceres Mattos Della Lucia
Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, v.125, p. 1-14.
Impact factor: 4.3
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105804

Abstract: Insects have great potential as ingredients for industrial purposes, providing good technological properties. This study aimed to characterize powders of Tenebrio molitor and Gryllus assimilis at two developmental stages for potential use in human nutrition. The insect powders were analyzed for their proximate composition, mineral content, carotenoids, vitamins C and E, riboflavin, niacin, amino acid profile, in vitro protein digestibility, solubility as a function of pH, foam-forming, and water and oil-holding capacity. Both powders were excellent sources of proteins (ranging from 57.36 % to 67.97 %), phosphorus (512.00–732 mg/100 g), copper (1.45–3.01 mg/100 g), iron (5.41–8.41 mg/100 g), zinc (11.62–25.57 mg/100 g), manganese (1.63–8.08 mg/100 g), good sources of magnesium (84.00–180.00 mg/100 g), and sources of potassium (624.00–820.00 mg/100 g), and niacin (1.88–3.21 mg/100 g). The proteins showed good digestibility (84.48–92.53 %) and increased solubility in alkaline pH (∼11). Lysine was identified as the limiting amino acid for both species analyzed (EAAS: 0.55–0.79). The development stage of the insects influenced their nutritional content, amino acid profile, and functional protein properties. The data obtained support the potential use of these insect powders on a large scale and contribute to selecting the development stage with the best nutritional composition.

Obesogenic neighborhood environment is associated with body fat and low-grade inflammation in Brazilian children: could the mother’s BMI be a mediating factor?

Mariana De Santis Filgueiras, Milene Cristine Pessoa, Josefina Bressan, Ariene Silva do Carmo, Aline Siqueira Fogal Vegi, Fernanda Martins de Albuquerque, Juliana Farias de Novaes
Public Health Nutrition, v. 27, p. 1-11.
Impact factor: 3.2
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980023002628

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the direct and indirect associations of obesogenic and leptogenic neighborhood environments with body fat, and pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines in Brazilian children. Design: Cross-sectional study. The body fat distribution was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Concentrations of leptin and adiponectin were measured. Four hundred meters (0·25 miles) road network buffer was the neighborhood unit used to assess the environmental characteristics around households. Obesogenic and leptogenic environments were the latent variables obtained from the observed characteristics. The mother’s BMI, ultra-processed food consumption, and physical activity before and after school, were tested as mediating variables. A hybrid model of structural equations was used to test the direct and indirect associations of obesogenic and leptogenic environments with body fat, leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Setting: Urban area of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Participants: Children aged 8- and 9-years (n 367). Results: Obesogenic environment was directly associated with the mother’s BMI (β: 0·24, P = 0·02) and the child’s body fat (β: 0·19, P = 0·02). The mother’s BMI and body fat mediated the association of the obesogenic environment with leptin concentrations (β: 0·05, P = 0·02). Conclusions: Obesogenic neighborhood environment was directly associated with body fat and mother’s BMI, and indirectly associated with leptin concentrations in Brazilian children, mediated by the mother’s BMI and body fat.

Probiotic Flavored Fermented Goat Milk as an Adequate Vehicle for Beneficial Bacteria and Higher Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Activity.

Livia Bordalo Tonucci, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Maria Eliza de Castro Moreira, Isabel Cristina Silva de Oliveira, Mariana Rodrigues Carneiro, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino, Karina Maria Olbrich dos Santos
Austin Journal of Biotechnology & Bioengineering, v.11, p. 1129-1135.
DOI: www.austinpublishinggroup.com

Abstract: The study aimed to evaluate two grape flavored fermented goat milk produced with or without probiotics. Physicochemical characteristics, sensory analysis, antioxidant profile and probiotics viability of the dairy beverages were analyzed. The phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of probiotic milk were higher than conventional milk. A higher loss in cell viability was observed for L. acidophilus than for the B. animalis. The average sensory acceptability scores obtained by both dairy beverages were higher than 6.5. Therefore, the probiotic fermented milk showed an adequate vehicle for the probiotics with good viability, a higher total phenolic and antioxidant activity and good acceptability

Quality of life of older adults in Family Health Strategy: a cross-sectional study.

Laise Brilhante BatistaI, Annah Thereza Mota, Ana Luiza Blanco, Jéssica da Silva Marinho, Maria Sortênia Alves Guimarães, Andréia Queiroz Ribeiro, Daniella Pires Nunes
São Paulo Medical Journal, v. 142, p. 1-7.
DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0445.R1.24042023

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the increase in the older adult population, it is essential to identify the living and health conditions that can impact the quality of life of these individuals. OBJECTIVES: To identify the domains and factors associated with the quality of life of older adults under the Family Health Strategy program. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the municipality of Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. METHODS: We assessed 449 older adults enrolled in the Family Health Strategy program. Data were collected between April and July, 2018. World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-OLD) was used to assess the quality of life (QoL) and multiple linear regression was used to estimate the factors associated with QoL. RESULTS: The QoL domain with the highest score was death and dying (mean = 70.4), and the lowest score was for sensory functions (mean = 61.0 points). The factors associated with QoL were single marital status (β = -4.55; P = 0.014), level of independence for daily living activities (β = 4.92; P < 0.001), self-assessment of regular health (β = 5.35; P < 0.001), and poor health (β = -8.67; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The death and dying domain of QoL presented the highest score. Marital status, impairment in daily activities, and health self-assessment were associated with QoL.

The Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program improves diet quality in patients with established cardiovascular disease: Results from a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Aline Rosignoli da Conceição, Alessandra da Silva, Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol, Aline Marcadenti, Ângela Cristine Bersch-Ferreira, Bernardete Weber, Nitin Shivappa, Josefina Bressan
Nutrition Research, v. 121, p.82-94.
Impact factor: 4.5
DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2023.10.007

Abstract: Dietary modifications are essential strategies for cardiovascular disease prevention. However, studies are needed to investigate the diet quality of individuals undergoing secondary prevention in cardiology and who received dietary intervention based on cardiovascular disease management. We prospectively evaluated the diet quality in the Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional Program Trial (BALANCE Program Trial). We hypothesized that the BALANCE Program could improve patients’ dietary pattern according to different indices of diet quality such as the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII); the dietary total antioxidant capacity; overall, healthful, and unhealthful Plant-Based Diet Index (PDI, hPDI, and uPDI, respectively); and modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (mAHEI). This multicenter randomized, controlled trial included patients aged ≥45 years randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Data from 2185 participants at baseline and after 12, 24, 36, and 48 months showed that the intervention group (n = 1077) had lower mean values of DII and higher dietary total antioxidant capacity, PDI, hPDI, and mAHEI than the control group. The results also showed differences between the follow-up times for DII, hPDI, and uPDI (48 months vs baseline) and for PDI and mAHEI (24 months vs baseline), regardless of group. The interaction analysis demonstrated that the intervention group showed better results than the control group at 12, 24, 36, and 48 months for the DII and at months 12, 36, and 48 for the mAHEI. Our results provide prospective evidence that the BALANCE Program improved the diet quality in those in secondary cardiovascular prevention according to different indices, with the intervention group showing better results than the control group.

The effects of acute consumption of a beverage based on extruded whole grain pearl millet flour on glycemic and insulinemic control, food intake, and appetite sensation in eutrophic adults: a randomized crossover clinical trial.

Thauana Lorena Silva Magalhães, Adriane Moreira Machado, Lucimar Aguiar da Silva, Vinícius Parzanini Brilhante de São José, Haira Guedes Lúcio, Thais Victória Lopes Fortini, Carlos Wanderlei Piler Carvalho, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino
Nutrition, v. 2024.
Impact factor: 3.2
DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112506

Abstract: Objective. Whole grain pearl millet is a nutritious cereal source of dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. It offers health benefits like glycemic control and satiety. Extrusion cooking for diverse formulations, including beverages, can alter its chemical composition, impacting the nutritional value. This study aimed to evaluate the sensory acceptability of an extruded millet flour beverage and its acute effects on glycemic index, glycemic and insulinemic response, food intake and subjective appetite sensations in euglycemic and eutrophic adults. Material and methods. This is an acute, single-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover clinical study with 14 euglycemic and eutrophic adults. Initially, beverages based on whole extruded millet flour were developed, and sensorially and chemically analyzed. Next, a clinical trial was conducted with participants undergoing four sessions, consuming one of the following options: extruded millet beverage, a maltodextrin control beverage, or a glucose solution administered in two separate sessions. Blood glucose, insulin and appetite responses were assessed over a 2-hour period, in addition to determining the glycemic index of the beverages and analyze of food intake in the 24 hours following each session. Results. The extruded millet flour strawberry flavor beverage had the best sensory acceptance and was classified as high glycemic index. Consumption of the extruded millet beverage showed similar glycemic and insulinemic responses, as well as appetite control and food intake of the subjects, when compared to consumption of the maltodextrin control beverage. Conclusion. The intake of the extruded millet beverage maintained glycemic and insulinemic responses, appetite control, and food intake in euglycemic and eutrophic subjects.

The effects of acute consumption of a beverage based on extruded whole grain pearl millet flour on glycemic and insulinemic control, food intake, and appetite sensation in eutrophic adults: a randomized crossover clinical trial.

Thauana Lorena Silva Magalhães, Adriane Moreira Machado, Lucimar Aguiar da Silva, Vinícius Parzanini Brilhante de São José, Haira Guedes Lúcio, Thais Victória Lopes Fortini, Carlos Wanderlei Piler Carvalho, Bárbara Pereira da Silva, Hércia Stampini Duarte Martino
Nutrition, v. 2024.
Impact factor: 3.2
DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112506

Abstract: Objective. Whole grain pearl millet is a nutritious cereal source of dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. It offers health benefits like glycemic control and satiety. Extrusion cooking for diverse formulations, including beverages, can alter its chemical composition, impacting the nutritional value. This study aimed to evaluate the sensory acceptability of an extruded millet flour beverage and its acute effects on glycemic index, glycemic and insulinemic response, food intake and subjective appetite sensations in euglycemic and eutrophic adults. Material and methods. This is an acute, single-blind, randomized, controlled, crossover clinical study with 14 euglycemic and eutrophic adults. Initially, beverages based on whole extruded millet flour were developed, and sensorially and chemically analyzed. Next, a clinical trial was conducted with participants undergoing four sessions, consuming one of the following options: extruded millet beverage, a maltodextrin control beverage, or a glucose solution administered in two separate sessions. Blood glucose, insulin and appetite responses were assessed over a 2-hour period, in addition to determining the glycemic index of the beverages and analyze of food intake in the 24 hours following each session. Results. The extruded millet flour strawberry flavor beverage had the best sensory acceptance and was classified as high glycemic index. Consumption of the extruded millet beverage showed similar glycemic and insulinemic responses, as well as appetite control and food intake of the subjects, when compared to consumption of the maltodextrin control beverage. Conclusion. The intake of the extruded millet beverage maintained glycemic and insulinemic responses, appetite control, and food intake in euglycemic and eutrophic subjects.

Ultra-processed food consumption and quality of life: a cross-sectional study in Iranian women.

Dorsa Hosseininasab, Farideh Shiraseb, Niki Bahrampour, Alessandra da Silva, Mohammad Mahdi Hajinasab, Josefina Bressan, Khadijeh Mirzaei
Frontiers in Public Health, v. 2024, p. 1-10.
Impact factor: 5.2
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1351510

Abstract: Background: Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) have been associated with a higher intake of added sugars, sodium, and unhealthy fats; however, the relationship between UPFs and quality of life (QoL) is not well understood. Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 193 Iranian women aged 18–48 years with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2. UPFs were identified using the NOVA classification. QoL was evaluated using the SF-36 questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were assessed using an appropriate method. Results: The mean BMI and fat-free mass (FFM) of the subjects were 30.90 kg/m2 and 46.69 kg, respectively. At first, a significant difference was observed in the height of women across tertiles of UPF consumption. The mean score of the total QoL scale was 66.90. Women who were in the tertile 3 of UPFs intake had 23.59 units lower the scale of limitation in physical capabilities and activity (score of role-physical) (β = −23.59, 95% CI: −37.77–9.40, p = 0.001). Among those with the highest adherence to UPF intake, there was an 8.76 unit reduction in addressing feelings of energy and fatigue (vitality domain) in model 2 (β = −8.76, 95% CI: −16.42–1.11, p = 0.02). Finally, a reduction of 15.78 units was observed in the mental health scale, specifically in the mental states of anxiety and depression, among participants in the third tertile of UPF intake (β = −15.78, 95% CI: −24.11–7.45, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Increased UPF consumption was associated with lower QoL in Iranian women. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and develop effective strategies to promote healthy food choices.

Ultra-processed food consumption during pregnancy and newborn weight

Vanessa Schrubbe, Débora Letícia Frizzi Silva, Claudia Choma Bettega Almeida, Cesar Augusto Taconeli, Vanessa Cardozo Mendes Elias, Mariana de Souza Macedo, Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini, Sandra Patricia Crispim
Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil, v.24, p.1-10.
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9304202400000189-en

Abstract: Objectives: to assess the association between pregnant women’s consumption of ultra-processed foods and newborn body weight. Methods: prospective study with pregnant women (n=214) selected from all Basic Health Units in the city of Pinhais, Paraná. Socioeconomic, demographic, and health data were collected. Food consumption data were assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall and tabulated with GloboDiet software. Daily relative energy intake of ultra-processed food was estimated and logistic regression analysis was utilized. The infuence of covariates on the association analysis was also explored (e.g., income and education). Results: ultra-processed foods contributed to 26.9% of pregnant women’s total energy intake. About 5.7% of newborns were classifed as small-for-gestational-age and 10.7% as large-for-gestational-age. A borderline statistically signifcant association was observed between large-for-gestational-age newborn weight and maternal consumption of ultra-processed foods (OR= 1.027; p=0.048). Additionally, family income was associated with the consumption of ultra-processed foods (OR= 0.144; p=0.008). With each additional 1% consumption of ultra-processed foods, mothers’ likelihood of having large-for-gestational-age babies increased by about 2.7%. Conclusions:
the study reveals a trend of positive association between the weight of large-for-gestational-age newborns and the consumption of ultra-processed foods by pregnant women, but not for small-for-gestational-age children.